Since every quantum operation is inherently reversible, the desired function is often realized in reversible logic and then mapped to quantum gates. Pdf on some basic aspects of ternary reversible and. In this paper, a study of logic gates and the various. Quantum computation 1 offers the promise of efficient computing for problems. Boolean algebra, group theory, logic circuits, lowpower electronics, communication, software, quantum computing. Similar to classical computer, logic gates play an important role in building circuits in a quantum computer. What ive just discussed, that we can turn irreversible gates into reversible gates and these reversible gates into quantum gates, along with the fact that, at the cost of a factor of 2 we can get rid of garbage bits, is used implicitly in quantum computing all the time.
Boolean reversible 3,3 logic gates that are universal in two arguments. In this section, we introduce reversible logic gates and quantum gates, as well as. It describes reversible computing from various points of view. All vcircuits have been modeled and verified using verilog and modelsim. Quantum reversible gates quantum computing operation must be reversible. Every boolean function can be build from 3 3 fredkin gates. The evolution of quantum states is restricted by the unitarity property of quantum mechanics. In recent years, reversible computing has emerged as a promising. The diagram above is a singlebit adder on a classical computer.
The future of computing depends on making it reversible. Pdf basic reversible logic gates and its qca implementation. Quantum cost is defined as the number of 1x1 and 2x2 reversible gates that are essential to realize the circuit. Classical and quantum logic gates university of rochester. For instance, the nand gate is explicitly irreversible, taking two inputs to one output, while the not gate is reversible it is its own inverse. A comparative study in terms of the number of gates, number of garbage outputs and quantum costs is also presented. Standard gates do not obey this rule, since information is. Quantum computing is a very new, fascinating, promising and puzzling scienti.
Realizing reversible circuits using a new class of quantum. From reversible logic gates to universal quantum bases. B reversible logic gates global scientific journal. Each wire represents a quantum bit, or qubit 25,26, i. It has wide applications in low power cmos and optical information processing, dna computing, quantum computation and nan.
Reversible logic circuits should have minimum quantum cost. Quantum computing o ers a promising alternative to conventional computation due to the theoretical capacity to solve many important problems with exponentially less complexity. Reversible logic has applications in lowpower computing and quantum computing. Quantum cost optimization for reversible sequential circuit arxiv. Reversible logic synthesis with fredkin and peres gates. As an illustration of a quantum program, grovers database search algorithm is described in some detail.
A study on reversible logic gates of quantum computing a. An algorithm for synthesis of quantum reversible logic. Such circuits are particularly useful in quantum computing. Reversible logic is one of the emerging research areas having its application in the fields of quantum computing, optical computing, dna computing, nanotechnology, cryptography, bioinformatics etc. Reversible arithmetic logic gate alg for quantum computation. Analytical quantum logic joint ladder operators joint number operators representations of stronglycorrelated fermi condensed matter pseudospin operators. Request pdf quantum computing this chapter provides a background on quantum computing, quantum and reversible circuits, as well as on currently developed quantum hardware. The quantum computation of the reversible mra circuits is also introduced.
On some basic aspects of ternary reversible and quantum computing conference paper pdf available in proceedings of the international symposium. Quantum gates on n qubits are represented as 2n n unitary matrices. Elementary gates for quantum computation adriano barenco. Back to the future reversible computing is based on reversible physics, where no energy is lost to friction. Sowndarya meena4 1,2,3assistant professor, department of computing, coimbatore institute of technology, coimbatore, tamil nadu, india. The quantum gate array is the natural quantum generalization of acyclic combinational logic circuits studied. The other is building quantum circuit simulator, in order to simulate the process of quantum computing and quantum algorithm 12. In this column, we present a mathematical tour of the quantum circuit model, beginning with reversible logic circuits and expanding to quantum circuits, gates, and measurement. Edward fredkin and tommaso toffoli 5, 6 introduced new reversible gates known as fredkin and toffoli reversible gates based on the concept of reversibility. The fundamentals of quantum computing are then introduced reversible logic gates, qubits and quantum registers. Unlike the reversible 2bit gates, the toffoli gate serves as a universal gate for boolean logic, if we can provide fixed input bits and ignore output bits.
In fact, popular universal gate libraries for quantum computation often contain as subsets universal gate libraries for classical reversible computation. From reversible logic to quantum circuits institute for integrated. Pdf reversible logic has various applications in various field like in nanotechnology, quantum computing, low power cmos, optical computing and dna. Reversible gates versus balanced functions there exist 224 16,777,216 different truth tables with 3 inputs and 3 outputs. Synthesis and optimization of reversible circuitsa survey. Reversible logic has attained importance in the recent. Cse 599d quantum computing reversible classical circuits. The spirit of quantum computing the motivating questions, fundamental issues, and suggestions for future goals is contained in feynmans keynote speech and subsequent paper from the 1981 conference on physics and computation at mit simulating physics with computers 19. Actually, classical computers also have to be reversible. Quantum computers work by applying quantum gates to quantum states. Design constraints for reversible logic circuits 4. An introduction to basic logic gates for quantum computer. If quantum gates are reversible how can they possibly perform irreversible classical and and or operations.
A study on reversible logic gates of quantum computing. Logic gates in quantum computer in quantum mechanics the state of a physical system is represented by its wave function which contains all information to describe the system completely. It seems that the quantum computing cares little about it in this exact form because the following concepts make a variant of this question way more natural. Chapter 6 quantum computation caltech particle theory. The gates have the same number of inputs as outputs and a gate of n inputs carries a unitary operation of the group u2, i. Quantum gates have to be reversible because quantum mechanics is reversible and even more specifically it is unitary. The mrabased quantum decomposition may play an important role in the synthesis of. In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum. The key quantum property of entanglement is described, with due homage to einstein and bell. Reversible gates, fredkin gate, feynman gate, toffoli gate, peres gate. This article extends rmrls, a reversible logic synthesis tool, to include additional gate types. The complexity of a function is the minimum number of gates required to implement it.
You must be able to take the results of an operation and put them back through the machine in the opposite direction to recover the original inputs. Since the exact number of gates is not very illuminating, and will in general depend on the details of the. The reversible mra transformations are given a quantum form by using the normal matrix representation of such gates. It is this multidisciplinary approach that makes it unique. Gate count refers to number of reversible logic gates that are used for the implementation of the given reversible logic circuit 7. The reversible circuits form the basic building blocks of quantum computers as all quantum operations are inherently reversible. If it is, then the problem is how to compute fgiven a prescribed set of gates. A study of reversible logic gates and their applications. Liquijican simulate roughly 32 qubits in 32gb ram, however, we make use of the fact that reversible circuits can be simulated e ciently on classical input states for thousands of qubits. Quantum resource estimates for computing elliptic curve. This paper presents the data relating to the primitive reversible gates which are available in literature and helps researches in designing higher complex computing circuits using reversible gates. Unlike many classical logic gates, quantum logic gates are reversible. Reversible logic circuit maps unique input to the output and ensure one to one mapping and basis for emerging applications like lowpower design, quantum. An introduction to quantum computing quantum information seminar friday, sep.
Reversible fluxon logic for future computing 1st kevin d. Quantum computing stack exchange is a question and answer site for engineers, scientists, programmers, and computing professionals interested in quantum computing. A gentle introduction eleanor rieffel and wolfgang polak. Reversible logic gates has ability to to reduce the power dissipation which is the main requirement in low power vlsi design.
Reversible logic, quantum gates, mapping, optimization. Reversible logic has applications in nanotechnology, quantum computing, low power cmos, optical computing and dna computing, etc. Most reversible logic synthesis methods are tied to particular gate types, and cannot synthesize large functions. Classical nonquantum reversible gates are subject to the same circuit rules, whether they operate on classical bits or quantum states. Realizing reversible circuits using a new class of quantum gates. Reversible logic fundamentals reversible gates basic. Since reversible logic gates are symmetric with respect to the number of inputs and outputs, we. Even measurement can be modeled as a reversible unitary operation, inconvenient though that may be. Quantum physics is also reversible, because the reversetime evolution speci. We write tyto mean the complex conjugate of t, and use the symbol y also for other quantum gates.
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